Question: What non-Google Ads signals are used to model store visits?
- Interaction with a location extension or affiliate location extension
- GPS, Wi-Fi, and network data from hundreds of millions of opted-in, signed-in users
- Interaction with an online ad then a visit to the physical store location
- Third party vendors that provide data from hundreds of millions of opted-in, signed-in users
Explanation
Store visits are modeled from aggregated, privacy-safe location signals that indicate whether an ad-engaged user later visited a business location. Google uses data from opted-in, signed-in users to help validate and model physical visits. These signals are separate from campaign interactions inside Google Ads, which is why they qualify as non-Google Ads inputs. The modeled result helps advertisers understand offline impact from digital ad engagement.
Why the other options are incorrect
Location asset interaction is a Google Ads engagement signal, not a non-Google Ads modeling input.
Third-party vendors are not the stated source for Google’s store visit modeling.
Ad-to-store behavior describes the measured outcome path, not the non-Google Ads signal used for modeling.
Source for verification
https://support.google.com/google-ads/answer/6100636
https://support.google.com/google-ads/answer/12266796
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